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class="p">發布人員：新聞來源：環保水處理發布日期：2022-11-3 0:00:00</div> <div class="c"> <p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">污水系統日常運行中，二沉池的異常是最常見的現象。例如二沉池出水懸浮物增多、溶解氧偏低、二沉池浮泥和上浮黑色污泥，這些大家可能都經歷過。今天我們就來聊一聊二沉池4種常見異?，F象的分析和解決方法。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0500pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-family:宋體;font-weight:bold;font-size:9.0000pt;">1. </span><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-weight:bold;font-size:9.0000pt;">二沉池出水懸浮物含量增大</span></strong><strong></strong></p><p style="text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">(1) 活性污泥膨脹使污泥沉降性能變差，泥水界面接近水面，部分污泥碎片經出水堰溢出。對策是通過分析污泥膨脹的原因，逐一排除。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">(2) 進水量突然增加，使二沉池表面水力負荷升高，導致上升流速加大、影響活性污泥的正常沉降，水流夾帶污泥碎片經出水堰溢出。對策是充分發揮調節池的作用，使進水盡可能均衡。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">(3) 曝氣池活性污泥濃度偏高，二沉池泥水界面接近水面，部分污泥碎片經出水堰溢出。對策是加大剩余污泥排放量。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">(4) 活性污泥解體造成污泥的絮凝性下降或消失，污泥碎片隨水流出。對策是找到污泥解體的原因，逐一排除和解決。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">(5) 吸（刮）泥機工作狀況不好，造成二沉池污泥或水流出現短流現象，局部污泥不能及時回流，部分污泥在二沉池停留時間過長，污泥缺氧腐化解體后隨水流溢出。對策是及時修理吸（刮）泥機，使其恢復正常工作狀態。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">(6) 活性污泥在二沉池停留時間過長，污泥因缺氧腐化解體后隨水流溢出。對策是加大回流污泥量，在二沉池中縮短停留時間。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">(7) 水溫較高且水中硝酸鹽含量較多時，二沉池出現污泥反硝化脫氮現象，氮氣裹帶大塊污泥上浮到水面后隨水流溢出。對策是加大回流污泥量，縮短污泥在二沉池停留時間。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0500pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-weight:bold;font-size:9.0000pt;"> </span></strong><strong></strong></p><p style="text-indent:18.0500pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-weight:bold;font-size:9.0000pt;">2. 二沉池出水溶解氧偏低或偏高</span></strong><strong></strong></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">(1) 活性污泥在二沉池停留時間過長，污泥中好氧微生物繼續消耗氧，導致二沉池出水中溶解氧下降。對策是加大回流污泥量，縮短停留時間。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">(2) 吸（刮）泥機工作狀況不好，造成二沉池局部污泥不能及時回流，部分污泥在二沉池停留時間過長，污泥中好氧微生物繼續消耗氧，導致二沉池出水中溶解氧下降。對策是及時修理吸（刮）泥機，使其恢復正常工作狀態。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">(3) 水溫突然升高，使好氧微生物生理活動耗氧量增加、局部缺氧區厭氧微生物活動加強，最終導致二沉池出水中溶解氧下降，對策是設法延長污水在均質調節等預處理設施中的停留時間，充分利用調節池的容積使高溫水打循環，或通過加強預曝氣促進水分蒸發來降低溫度。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">(4) 曝氣池進水有機負荷偏低或曝氣池充氧量偏大，此時二沉池出水溶解氧過高但水質很好，可采取從調節池多調水，提高進水負荷的辦法，或采取減少運轉風機臺數，降低充氧量的辦法。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">(5) 曝氣池混合液中毒，微生物無法利用水中溶解氧也有可能造成二沉池出水溶解氧過高。這樣形成的二沉池出水溶解氧過高現象都是暫時的，隨之而來就會是溶解氧迅速降低和出水水質變差的現象。此時應查明有毒物質的來源并予以排除。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> <strong></strong></p><p style="text-indent:18.0500pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-weight:bold;font-size:9.0000pt;">3. 二沉池污泥上浮</span></strong><strong></strong></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">二沉池污泥上浮指的是，污泥在二沉池內發生酸化或反硝化，導致污泥漂浮到二沉池表面的現象。這些漂浮上來的污泥本身不存在質量問題，其生物活性和沉降性能都很正常。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">漂浮的原因主要是這些正常的污泥在二沉池內停留時間過長，由于溶解氧被逐漸消耗而發生酸化，產生H2S等氣體附著在污泥絮體上，使其密度減小，造成污泥的上浮。當系統的污泥齡較長，發生硝化后，進入二沉池的混合液中會含有大量的硝酸鹽，污泥在二沉池中由于缺乏足夠溶解氧(DO<0.5mg/L)而發生反硝化，反硝化產生的氮氣同樣會附著在污泥絮體上，使其密度減小，造成污泥的上浮。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">控制污泥上浮的措施，一是及時排出剩余污泥和加大回流污泥量，不使污泥在二沉池內的停留時間太長；二是加強曝氣池末端的充氧量，提高進入二沉池的混合液中的溶解氧含量，保證二沉池中污泥不處于厭氧或缺氧狀態。對于反硝化造成的污泥上浮，還可以增大剩余污泥的排放量，降低污泥齡，通過控制硝化程度，達到控制反硝化的目的。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;"> </span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0500pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-weight:bold;font-size:9.0000pt;">4. 二沉池表面出現黑色塊狀污泥</span></strong><strong></strong></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">二沉池表面出現黑色塊狀污泥通常是污泥腐化所致。曝氣量過小使污泥在二沉池缺氧，或曝氣池污泥生成量大而剩余污泥排放量小，使污泥在二沉池的停留時間過長，或者重力排泥時泥斗不合理、使污泥難以下滑，或者刮吸泥機部分吸泥管不通暢及存在刮不到的死角，都會造成污泥在二沉池局部長期滯留沉積而發生厭氧代謝，產生大量H2S、CH4等氣體，包裹在泥塊上，促使污泥呈大塊狀上浮，而且顏色呈現黑色。污泥腐化上浮與一般的污泥上浮不同，腐化上浮時污泥會腐敗變黑，產生惡臭。</span></p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"> </p><p style="text-indent:18.0000pt;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;line-height:150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;line-height:150%; font-size:9.0000pt;">解決的辦法是保證剩余污泥的及時排放，排除排泥設備的故障，清除沉淀池內壁或某些死角的污泥，降低好氧處理系統污泥的硝化程度，加大污泥回流量，防止其他處理構筑物的腐化污泥的進入等。</span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearbox"></div> </div> <div class="bottom"> <div class="copyright"> <p>版權所有 ? 2013 廈門新禹環?？萍加邢薰?All Right Reserved.<br />閩ICP備10013582號 <script type="text/javascript">var cnzz_protocol = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? 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